Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane li atile haholo, tse kang liphanele tsa polokelo tse batang tse hlahisoang ke Harbin Dong'an Building Sheets Chaena, tse entsoeng ka thepa ea polyurethane.
Ka kakaretso, polyurethane e ka aroloa ka thermosetting le thermoplastic, 'me e ka etsoa ka polasetiki ea polyurethane (haholo-holo polasetiki ea foam), likhoele tsa polyurethane (spandex), le polyurethane elastomers. Lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa polyurethane li bitsoa thermosetting, joalo ka foam e bonolo, e thata le e thata-thata ea polyurethane.
Hangata ho sebelisoa ha polyurethane ho sebelisa mekhoa ea 'mele ea ho tsosolosa, kaha mokhoa ona o sebetsa hantle ebile o na le chelete e ngata. Ka ho khetheha, e ka aroloa ka mekhoa e meraro ea ho sebelisa hape:
Mokhoa ona ke theknoloji e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa ea ho tsosolosa. Foam e bonolo ea polyurethane e hatelloa ka likotoana tsa lisenthimithara tse 'maloa ka grinder,' me sekhomaretsi se sebetsang sa polyurethane se fafatsoa ka har'a motsoako. Sekhomaretsi se sebelisoang hangata ke motsoako oa foam oa polyurethane kapa NCO e felisitsoeng prepolymer e thehiloeng ho polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate (PAPI). Ha u sebelisa li-adhesives tse thehiloeng ho PAPI bakeng sa ho kopanya le ho bōpa, ho kopanya mouoane ho ka boela ha hlahisoa. Ha u ntse u kopanya litšila tsa polyurethane, eketsa 90% ea litšila tsa polyurethane le sekhomaretsi sa 10%, kopanya ka ho lekana, kapa u kenye lidae tse ling, ebe u hatella motsoako.
Theknoloji ea ho theha maqhama ha e na feela ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, empa hape e na le phapang e kholo ea thepa ea mochine oa sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. Mokhoa o atlehileng ka ho fetesisa oa ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tsa polyurethane ke ho hlahisa foam ea polyurethane e sebelisitsoeng hape ka ho kopanya foam ea litšila joalo ka masala a foam a bonolo, a sebelisoang haholo joalo ka tšehetso ea k'hapete, 'mete oa lipapali, lisebelisoa tsa ho koala molumo le lihlahisoa tse ling. Likaroloana tse bonolo tsa foam le li-adhesives li ka bōptjoa hore e be lihlahisoa tse kang liphahlo tse tlaase tsa koloi ka mocheso o itseng le khatello; Ka ho sebelisa khatello e phahameng le mocheso, likarolo tse thata tse kang matlo a pompo li ka bōptjoa.
Foam e thata ea polyurethane le reaction injection molding (RIM) polyurethane elastomer le eona e ka sebelisoa hape ka mokhoa o ts'oanang. Ho kopanya likaroloana tsa litšila le li-prepolymers tsa isocyanate bakeng sa ho theha sehatsetsing se chesang, joalo ka ho etsa mabakete a lipeipi bakeng sa sistimi ea ho futhumatsa lipeipi. | 2,Mocheso o hatellang Thermosetting polyurethane foam le lihlahisoa tsa RIM polyurethane li na le thepa e itseng ea ho nolofatsa mocheso le polasetiki sebakeng sa mocheso oa 100-200 ℃. Tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le khatello, litšila tsa polyurethane li ka kopanngoa ntle le tšebeliso ea li-adhesives. E le ho etsa hore lihlahisoa tse tsosolositsoeng li tšoane hantle, hangata ho hlokahala ho senya litšila ebe o chesa ebe o li hatella hore li be le sebōpeho.
Maemo a ho theha a itšetlehile ka mofuta oa litšila tsa polyurethane le sehlahisoa se tsosolositsoeng. Ka mohlala, litšila tsa polyurethane tse bonolo tsa foam li ka chesa ka metsotso e 'maloa ka khatello ea 1-30MPa le mocheso oa 100-220 ° C ho hlahisa li-absorbers, li-mudguards le likarolo tse ling.
Mokhoa ona o 'nile oa sebelisoa ka katleho ho tsosolosoa ha likarolo tsa likoloi tsa mofuta oa RIM polyurethane. Mohlala, liphanele tsa mamati a koloi le lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li ka etsoa ka phofo e ka bang 6% RIM polyurethane le 15% fiberglass. | 3,E sebelisoa e le filler Foam e bonolo ea polyurethane e ka fetoloa likaroloana tse ntle ka mokhoa o tlaase oa mocheso kapa ho sila, 'me ho hasana ha likaroloana tse joalo ho eketsoa ho polyols bakeng sa ho etsa foam ea polyurethane kapa lihlahisoa tse ling, tse sa khutliseng litšila tsa polyurethane feela, empa hape li fokotsa ka katleho. theko ea sehlahisoa. Likahare tsa phofo e robehileng ka har'a foam e folisitsoeng e batang ea polyurethane e thehiloeng ho MDI e lekanyelitsoe ho 15%, 'me 25% ea phofo e robehileng e ka eketsoa ka TDI e thehiloeng foam e phekotsoeng e chesang haholo.
Mokhoa o mong ke ho kenya litšila tsa foam tse khaotsoeng ka har'a polyether e bonolo ea foam, ebe e kolobisoa u e sila ka leloala le loketseng ho etsa motsoako oa "polol" o nang le likaroloana tse ntle bakeng sa ho etsa foam e bonolo.
Litšila tsa RIM polyurethane li ka siloa hore e be phofo, e kopantsoe le lisebelisoa tse tala, ebe e etsoa ka RIM elastomers. Ka mor'a hore litšila tsa polyurethane rigid foam le polyisocyanurate (PIR) litšila tsa foam li pshatlehile, li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho eketsa 5% ea lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng ha li kopane ho hlahisa foam e thata. |
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho hlahile mokhoa o mocha oa ho tsosolosa lik'hemik'hale
Sehlopha sa Univesithi ea Illinois se etelletsoeng pele ke Moprofesa Steven Zimmerman se thehile mokhoa oa ho senya litšila tsa polyurethane le ho li fetola lihlahisoa tse ling tsa bohlokoa.
Moithuti ea fumaneng mangolo Ephraim Morado o na le tšepo ea ho sebelisa lipolymer hape ka mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale ho rarolla bothata ba litšila tsa polyurethane. Leha ho le joalo, polyurethane e na le botsitso bo phahameng haholo 'me e entsoe ka likarolo tse peli tseo ho leng thata ho li senya: isocyanates le polyols.
Polyols ke senotlolo sa bothata, kaha li ntšoa petroleum 'me ha li fokotsehe habonolo. E le ho qoba bothata bona, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se ile sa amohela mochine oa lik'hemik'hale o senyehang habonolo le o qhibilihang ka metsing. Lihlahisoa tse senyang tse entsoeng ka ho qhibiliha li-polymers tse nang le trichloroacetic acid le dichloromethane mocheso oa kamore li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea thepa e ncha. E le bopaki ba mohopolo, Morado e ka fetola li-elastomer tse sebelisoang haholo ho paka le likarolo tsa koloi hore e be likhomaretsi.
Leha ho le joalo, tšitiso e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mokhoa ona o mocha oa ho sebelisoa hape ke litšenyehelo le chefo ea thepa e tala e sebelisoang bakeng sa karabelo. Ka hona, bafuputsi hajoale ba leka ho fumana mokhoa o betere le o theko e tlase oa ho fihlela ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ka ho sebelisa li-solvents tse bonolo joalo ka asene bakeng sa ho senyeha.
Nakong e tlang, mohaho oa Harbin Dong'anletlapas khampanie tla boela e latele haufi-ufi boqapi ba indasteri le ho tsoela pele ho tsetela ho thekenoloji le thekenoloji ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, e tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa ho etsa hore liphanele tsa Dong'an's polyurethane li se ke tsa senya tikoloho le ho phela hantle. Hape re lumela hore ho tla ba le mekhoa e mecha ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e tla tsoaloa nakong e tlang.
Nako ea poso: Nov-09-2023