Kamore e batang ea peo ke mofuta oa polokelo e batang e sa tloaelehang ka bongata empa e le ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea temo. Peo e hloka polokelo e tsitsitseng ho boloka sekhahla se matla sa ho mela. Balemi le lifeme tsa peo ba sebelisa likamore tse batang tsa peo ho sireletsa bophelo ba peo. Kamore e nyane e batang ea litone tse 2-5 tsa peo hangata e sebelisa sebaka sa 12-20 m². Li-unit tse kholo tsa litone tse 20-30 li hloka hoo e ka bang 80-120 m².
Peo e lahleheloa ke matla kapele ha e tobana le mocheso o fetang 28°C. Mongobo o fetang 65% o boetse o senya mefuta e mengata ea peo. Kamore e batang ea peo e laola lintlha tsena ka bobeli. Likamore tse ngata li boloka mocheso ho 5–15°C 'me li boloka mongobo o le haufi le 40–55%. Maemo ana a tšehetsa bophelo bo bolelele ba polokelo. Liphetoho tsa mocheso li lula kahare ho ±1°C. Liphetoho tsa mongobo li lula kahare ho ±5%. Peokamore e batange fana ka moea o hloekileng, mongobo o tlase, le pholiso e tsitsitseng. Likarolo tse latelang li tšohla likarolo, liphapang, lintlha tsa moralo le lintlha tsa tlhahiso.
Likaroloana
Peokamore e batangE shebane le ho phola le mongobo o tsitsitseng. Peo e lahleheloa ke boleng kapele ha mocheso o phahama. Peo e ngata e boloka ho mela hantle likhoeli tse 8-18 ha e lula ka likamoreng tse laoloang. Kamore e batang e phalla ho 5-15°C. Phallo ea moea e lula e tsitsitse ho 0.3-0.5 m/s. Phallo ena ea moea e boloka mocheso esita le ho pholletsa le lishelefo.
Taolo ea mongobo e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa. Lipeo tse ngata li hloka mongobo oa 40-55% bakeng sa polokelo e sireletsehileng. Kamore e batang e sebelisa li-dehumidifier tse nang le maemo a matla a 1-2 kW. Li-unit tsena li hula lilithara tse 4-8 tsa mongobo ka hora. Kamore ena e boetse e sebelisa liphanele tsa PU kapa PIR tse nang le insulated. Liphanele tsena li na le maemo a botenya ba 75-100 mm. Phanele ea PIR ea 100 mm e fana ka conductivity ea 0.022 W/m·K. Boemo bona bo fokotsa tahlehelo ea ho pholisa ka 30-35%.
Mabone a kahare a lula a le bonolo. Mabone a LED a sebelisa 5–12 W ka yuniti. Kamore e batang e boetse e na le lishelefo tse hloekileng tse nang le maemo a mojaro a 120–200 kg ka lera. Lipeo tse ngata li hloka moea o phallang butle nakong ea polokelo e telele. Kamore ena e kenyelletsa lifene tse nang le bokhoni ba 1,000–2,500 m³/h. Sistimi ena e laola moea o phallang ntle le ho sisinya peo.
Kamore e batang e boetse e boloka moea o hloekile. Likamore tse ngata li sebelisa li-filter tsa sehlopha sa G4–F7. Li-filter tsena li tšoara lerōle 'me li boloka polokelo e sireletsehile. Ho thibela mocheso o motle, moea o hloekileng le boemo ba leholimo bo tsitsitseng li etsa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa kamore e batang ea peo.
Kamore e khethehileng ea serame
Likamore tse batang tsa peo li fapana le likamore tse batang tsa litholoana, nama le lipalesa. Sehlahisoa se seng le se seng se hloka maemo a fapaneng a mocheso le mongobo. Kamore e batang ea litholoana hangata e sebetsa ho 1–10°C ka mongobo oa 80–95%. Mongobo ona o phahameng o boloka litholoana li le foreshe. Likamore tse batang tsa lipalesa li sebelisa mongobo oa 2–8°C le 85–95%.
Peo e hloka mongobo o tlase ho feta likamore tsena tse batang. Peo e monya mongobo kapele. Mongobo o phahameng o fetang 60% o ka fokotsa ho mela ha limela ka 15-30% ka likhoeli tse peli. Peo e boetse e hloka moea o phallang butle hobane moea o matla o li omisa kapele haholo. Likamore tse ling tse batang hangata li sebelisa moea o phallang ka 1-2 m/s. Likamore tsa peo li sebelisa 0.3-0.5 m/s feela.
Peo le yona e hloka botsitso bo matla ba mocheso. Dikamore tse ding tse ngata tse batang di amohela diphetoho tsa ±2–3°C. Poloko ya peo hangata e hloka taolo ya ±1°C. Ditshoso tsa mocheso di fokodisa bophelo ba peo. Dihlopha tsa diteko di bontsha ho theoha ha ho mela ha peo ka 8–15% ha diphetoho di feta 3°C.
Likamore tse ling tse batang li boloka thepa e boima. Likamore tse batang tsa peo li boloka thepa e bobebe. Kamore ea peo e sebelisa boima ba lishelefo tsa 120-200 kg ka lera. Kamore ea nama e batang e sebelisa li-pallet racks tse nang le 800-1200 kg ka lera. Polokelo ea peo e boetse e qoba fatše e metsi. Likamore tse ngata tsa peo li sebelisa liforomo tse phahamisitsoeng tse emeng 5-10 cm ka holimo ho lera la fatše.
Lintlha tsa Moralo
Moralo o motle o boloka peo e sireletsehile nako e telele. Baqapi ba khetha pele boholo ba kamore. Kamore ea 10-15 m² e boloka lithane tse 2-5. Kamore ea 100 m² e boloka lithane tse 20-30. Baqapi ba boetse ba beha bophara ba lemati ho 0.9-1.2 m bakeng sa motsamao o boreleli.
Taolo ea mocheso e hloka moralo o matla. Kamore e sebelisa li-compressor tse nang le bokhoni ba 1.5–5 kW. Sistimi e boloka mocheso ho 5–15°C. Li-sensor li bala boleng metsotsoana e meng le e meng e 30–60. Phanele ea taolo e lokisa ho phola ka mehato e menyenyane. Kamore e boetse e hloka sensor e le 'ngoe ea mongobo bakeng sa 20–25 m² e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe.
Ho thibela mocheso ho bapala karolo e kholo. Likamore tse ngata li sebelisa liphanele tsa PU kapa PIR tsa 75-100 mm. Liphanele tsena li fokotsa keketseho ea mocheso ka 35-45%. Sena se fokotsa tšebeliso ea motlakase. Mamati a boetse a kenyelletsa lithapo tsa hitara tsa 15-25 W/m ho emisa ho koloba ha moea.
Moralo oa kamore o kenyelletsa mela ea phallo ea moea. Sebopeho se setle se boloka phallo ea moea ho 0.3–0.5 m/s. Menyetla ea moea e lula e le 2–4% ea sebaka sa kamore. Lifene li sutumelletsa 1,000–2,500 m³/h. Sebopeho se qoba likhutlo tse shoeleng. Sena se thusa peo ho lula mochesong o lekanang.
Mabone le ona a susumetsa boleng. Mabone a LED a hlahisa 50–100 lux. Maemo a motlakase a lula a le tlase. Li-sensor li tima mabone ha kamore e koaloa. Kamore e hloka mola o monyane oa drainage o nang le leralla la 2–3%. Baqapi ba beha lishelefo ho 40–60 cm ho tloha maboteng. Sebaka sena se ntlafatsa phallo ea moea.
Moralo o motle o fana ka boemo ba leholimo bo tsitsitseng, tšebeliso e tlase ea matla, le bophelo bo bolelele ba peo.
Lintlha tsa Tlhahiso le Kaho
Liphanele tse entsoeng esale pele li tlameha ho fihlela ho nepahala ho hoholo. Matla a ho mamella a thibela moea le mongobo ho kena. Bahlahisi ba sebelisa ho thibela ho kenngoa ha foam ea polyurethane ka ente. Sena se netefatsa hore ho na le ho teteana ho tsitsitseng ho pholletsa le phanele. Manonyeletso a phanele a sebelisa mekhoa e ikhethang ea ho notlela. Litiiso tsena li lokela ho lula li sa kene moea tlas'a khatello.
Likarolo tsa sehatsetsing li hloka ho kopanngoa ka hloko. Litsebi li tlameha ho sebelisa litlolo tse khethehileng le li-refrigerant. Tsena li tlameha ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tšepahalang mochesong o tlase haholo. Ho thibela liphaephe hantle ke ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho feletseng. Ho robeha ha letho ho baka ho se sebetse hantle le kotsi ea ho kolobisoa ke moea.
Mekhoa ea ho kenya e thata. Basebetsi ba tlameha ho koala ho kenella ho hong le ho hong ka hloko. Sena se kenyelletsa liphaephe, liphaephe tsa motlakase le liforeimi tsa mamati. Lihahi li sebelisa li-sealant tse khethehileng tsa mocheso o tlase. Letlapa la motheo le tlameha ho koaheloa ka tlas'a lona. Sena se thibela ho thehoa ha permafrost ka tlas'a kamore. Permafrost e ka phahamisa fatše 'me ea senya sebopeho.
Ho kenya tshebetsong ho kenyeletsa diteko tse pharaletseng. Litsebi tsa theknoloji di lekanya ho tshwana ha mocheso ka phapusing yohle. Di netefatsa tshebetso ya dehumidifier ka hloko. Sistimi e tlameha ho fihlella RH e rerilweng kapele. Ho boloka data ho tiisa tshebetso e tsitsitseng ka matsatsi a mangata. Ke feela kamora teko e atlehileng moo phapusi e fumanang dipeo. Taolo ya boleng e netefatsa nako e telele ya tikoloho ya polokelo.
Kamore e batang ea peo e sireletsa boleng ba peo ka mocheso o tsitsitseng le mongobo o tlase. Sistimi e tšehetsa nako e telele ea polokelo 'me e boloka ho mela ho le matla. Liphapang tse hlakileng li arola likamore tsa peo ho likamore tsa litholoana, nama le lipalesa. Phallo e tsitsitseng ea moea, ho thothomela ho tlase, le taolo e tiileng ea mocheso li boloka baeloji ea peo e sireletsehile.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-03-2025